King Felipe of Spain has sparked a significant discussion by acknowledging the abuses committed during Spain's conquest of Mexico, opening old wounds in the history of colonization and its impacts on Indigenous peoples.

During a visit to an exhibition dedicated to Indigenous women in Mexico at Madrid's National Archaeological Museum, King Felipe informed attendees that there had been 'a lot of abuse' during the conquest of what is now Mexico. He emphasized that with today's values, certain historical events cannot evoke pride.

Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum welcomed King Felipe's remarks as a significant step toward reconciliation and constructive dialogue over the historical friction between Spain and Mexico, particularly concerning the colonization era. She noted that while the acknowledgment may not encompass everything desired, it represents a gesture of recognition for the horrors faced by Indigenous peoples.

The year 2021 marked the 500th anniversary of the fall of Tenochtitlán, the Aztec capital, to Hernán Cortés's forces, an event that has been sharply debated in the context of Mexico's historical narrative.

Political reactions in Spain have been polarized; while members of the government expressed full support for King Felipe's comments, conservative factions have resisted a reinterpretation of Spain's colonial past, cautioning against viewing historical events through a modern lens. The far-right Vox party described the conquest as a monumental act of evangelization, opposing the King's view.

As Spain grapples with its colonial legacy, the King's comments have triggered a renewed discussion on the impact of colonization and reconciliation with the past.