The ongoing military conflict in Gaza has not only led to widespread devastation but has also exposed a hidden health threat: asbestos contamination within the rubble. This toxic mineral, once widely used in construction, releases hazardous fibers that can linger in the air and ultimately lead to serious lung diseases, including cancer, when inhaled. Although its use has been banned in many countries around the world, asbestos remains a significant concern in Gaza, predominantly found in roofing materials of structures within the territory's numerous refugee camps, established following the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.
According to a recent assessment by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), approximately 2.3 million tons of rubble generated from the Israeli military's actions may be tainted with asbestos. Experts like Professor Bill Cookson from the National Centre for Mesothelioma Research emphasize the critical and toxic nature of Gaza's environment post-conflict, warning that the long-term health ramifications could span decades. The immediate risks, however, are overshadowed by the daily life-threatening dangers that the local population faces, as they navigate bombings and survival amidst the chaos.
When asbestos fibers are disturbed, often due to military strikes or building collapses, they become airborne and can be inhaled, irritating the lungs and potentially resulting in asbestosis or the life-threatening mesothelioma. "Even small inhalations can be harmful," cautions Prof Cookson, highlighting the insidious nature of asbestos exposure, which often remains undetected for years before manifesting as a serious illness.
Compounding the issue, the densely populated nature of Gaza—home to around 2.1 million people across a mere 365 square kilometers—makes it nearly impossible for residents to avoid inhaling hazardous dust particles. Medical professionals on the ground note that the ongoing military offensive has shifted the public's attention away from these latent risks. With immediate survival as the priority and limited awareness of the dangers of asbestos, many residents overlook the persistent threat posed by dust and debris.
In past conflicts, studies have detected asbestos in the remains of shattered buildings, raising alarms about the dangers of reconstruction efforts. The UNEP indicates that clearing the contaminated debris will require careful management to prevent the release of dangerous fibers. Unfortunately, experts acknowledge that the cumbersome nature of asbestos removal will exacerbate the public health crisis unless effective and safe methodologies are embraced.
While the focus remains on immediate humanitarian aid, the long-term effects of asbestos exposure could signal a second humanitarian crisis in Gaza, one that could unfold years down the line. As the reconstruction debate ensues among global powers, the need for a safe and informed approach to address the pervasive health risks of asbestos contamination is more urgent than ever. As the repercussions of destruction continue to evolve, the world must remain vigilant in ensuring safe living conditions for the people of Gaza amidst the rubble of war.
