The Search for Leadership in a New Palestinian State

Mon Oct 20 2025 12:34:12 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

As global recognition of Palestinian statehood increases, questions about who will lead this potential state surface amid an ongoing conflict and political divisions.

Recent recognitions of Palestine by nations such as the UK, Canada, and Australia have sparked discussions about the future of Palestinian statehood, particularly the leadership crisis looming over Palestinian politics. With Mahmoud Abbas aging and political divisions between Hamas in Gaza and the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank, the search for new leadership becomes increasingly urgent. Figures like Marwan Barghouti remain central to these discussions even while imprisoned, indicating a yearning for change among the Palestinian populace against a backdrop of conflict and repression.

Understanding the Implications of Recognizing Palestinian Statehood

Earlier this month, a Palestinian diplomat called Husam Zomlot was invited to a discussion at the Chatham House think tank in London. Belgium had just joined the UK, France, and other countries in promising to recognize a Palestinian state at the United Nations in New York. Dr. Zomlot emphasized that this could mark a significant moment in the ongoing quest for peace in the Middle East.

In light of these developments, questions about the future governance of a potential Palestinian state arise. Although over 150 countries have recognized Palestine, the inclusion of traditionally pro-Israel allies like the UK indicates shifting dynamics on the global stage. Sir Keir Starmer commented on the need for a peaceful two-state solution, highlighting the dire situation in the region.

However, the core issue remains: who will lead this new state? The 1933 Montevideo Convention sets criteria for statehood, of which Palestine can claim two—having a permanent population and the capacity to enter international relations. Yet, it struggles with the requirement for defined territory, particularly as Israel continues its policies that fragment the West Bank and Gaza.

Political factions such as Hamas and the Palestinian Authority (led by President Mahmoud Abbas) exist separately, with Abbas' administration in the West Bank and Hamas ruling Gaza. This division is compounded by years of unsuccessful elections and internal conflict, leaving many Palestinians disillusioned by their leadership.

Marwan Barghouti, a prominent figure in Palestinian politics, remains imprisoned but has considerable support among the populace, even as he is perceived as a viable leader amid calls for change. Polls indicate he could gain significant backing if elections were held.

In the current landscape, the possibility of a Palestinian state raises more questions than answers. With Netanyahu’s firm opposition to Palestinian governance and recent escalations in violence in Gaza, the path to a peaceful resolution seems daunting. Leaders and advocates in the region continue to call for new leadership and a definitive strategy for a future Palestinian state capable of unification and self-governance.