Russia's Push for a 'Super-App' Amidst Growing Internet Blackouts

Sun Oct 19 2025 17:44:14 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

The Kremlin is intensifying restrictions on popular messaging apps like WhatsApp and Telegram, while promoting a state-sanctioned 'super-app' called Max, raising concerns over censorship and surveillance.

As Russia's media regulator imposes new restrictions on WhatsApp and Telegram, users face challenges in communication. Amidst this, the government is promoting a new app, Max, which is set to centralize user data and potentially enable government surveillance. The widespread internet blackouts across Russia further complicate citizens' digital interactions, prompting questions about privacy and freedom.

Russia's Push for a 'Super-App' Amidst Growing Internet Blackouts

Marina, a 45-year-old freelance copywriter, has relied on WhatsApp for her work and personal life for years. But one day last month, her access to WhatsApp and Telegram was abruptly restricted due to new measures imposed by Russia's media regulator, Roskomnadzor. This sudden change marks a significant shift in communication for millions of Russians.

WhatsApp, with around 97 million users, and Telegram, with about 90 million, have been essential tools for people across the country, covering everything from personal connections to tenant groups. Their popularity stems from the simplicity of use, especially among older users. However, both apps are now facing increasing governmental pressure, with officials claiming that they violate data storage laws and contribute to scams.

In response, the Kremlin has launched Max, a state-approved 'super-app' designed to offer various services, including government interactions and banking, all under one platform. This move mirrors the Chinese WeChat model, focusing on digitized control of citizens' lives while raising alarms about privacy and surveillance. The app’s privacy policy allows data sharing with government entities, escalating concerns for users already wary of governmental oversight.

As blackouts in mobile internet access grow commonplace across Russian cities, the challenge of reliable communication intensifies. Reports indicate that up to 77 regions have experienced shutdowns simultaneously, justified as a measure to protect against drone attacks from Ukraine. Nevertheless, experts argue whether cutting off mobile internet is genuinely effective against such threats.

With Max being aggressively promoted across Russia, the state keeps tightening its grip on digital communications. Every device sold must now come pre-installed with the app, isolating WhatsApp and Telegram users. While some individuals seek alternatives like VPNs, many fear that options will diminish as state control tightens. As Marina reflects, “The authorities don’t want ordinary people to maintain relationships or support; they seek to isolate us.”