The Tlaxcala state prosecutor's office confirmed that the heads belonged to male victims and has initiated a formal investigation. In addition to drug trafficking, the region faces notable challenges with fuel smuggling, bringing in billions for associated criminal enterprises. Federal authorities have remained silent amid increasing violence, especially as President Claudia Sheinbaum's administration continues a major crackdown on fentanyl trafficking.

Historically, Puebla and Tlaxcala have not been plagued by the sort of brutal cartel violence seen in other regions of Mexico. This incident follows a series of violent acts across the country, including the discovery of 20 bodies, some decapitated, in Sinaloa and the tragic shooting deaths of seven youths during a church festival in Guanajuato. Over the last few years, cartel-related violence has surged dramatically, contributing to hundreds of thousands of deaths and tens of thousands of people who have gone missing since the government began employing military force against gangs in 2006.