Sexual abuse scandals have long plagued the Catholic Church, bringing ongoing scrutiny to its leadership and accountability regarding the treatment of victims. As Pope Leo XIV assumes the role of spiritual leader for over 1.4 billion Catholics, the manner in which he addresses historical abuse cases will be critical for the church's efforts to regain public trust.

To explore his potential direction, a team of reporters from the New York Times scrutinized Leo's actions related to two significant abuse cases during his time as bishop of Chiclayo, Peru, from 2015 to 2023. Their findings reveal a stark dichotomy in his approach.

In one notable case, Leo, known at the time as Bishop Robert Prevost, took a strong stance in defense of victims. He courageously confronted influential clergy members while seeking justice for individuals who were harmed by the Sodalitium Christianae Vitae, a controversial Catholic movement accused of coercing and abusing vulnerable young people.

Conversely, in another instance, victims and advocates claim that Pope Leo showed a troubling reluctance to investigate claims made by three women alleging abuse by priests during their childhoods. Investigative findings indicated that while he held the bishopric, at least two clergy members allegedly involved in the abuse reportedly continued their ministry, often in roles that involved contact with children, despite being under investigation.

Furthermore, a priest assigned by Bishop Prevost to provide support to victims is reported to have discouraged expectations of accountability from the Church, suggesting that their experiences did not constitute "rape." Such revelations pose significant questions about the priorities and actions of the new papacy as it faces the urgent need for reform and healing within the Catholic community.