Niger's military leaders have decided to nationalize the French-owned uranium company Somaïr, intensifying tensions with France. The junta argues that the move is vital for the country's control over its mineral wealth and resources. Since coming to power in 2023, Niger's military government has sought to enhance local management and has distanced itself from France while leaning towards alliances with Russia.

Orano, which has conducted operations in Niger for decades, holds a 63% stake in Somaïr, but the military government seized operational control last year. The junta claims this action will foster sustainable management of resources, allowing Nigeriens to benefit more from their mining wealth. Orano has initiated legal proceedings against Niger regarding the takeover, signaling potential repercussions for future investments.

Niger, recognized as the seventh largest uranium producer in the world, possesses some of the richest uranium ores on the African continent. The relationship between Niger and France has been complicated since Niger gained independence in 1960, with many locals viewing prior agreements as symbols of continued colonial influence. However, experts warn that instability in the mining sector may jeopardize jobs and export revenues.

This nationalization reflects a broader trend in Niger of seeking greater autonomy over its resources and moving away from colonial legacies.