France and New Caledonia forged a historic agreement that aims to enhance the autonomy of the semiautonomous Pacific territory, more than a year following violent protests against French governance. The proposed establishment of a "State of New Caledonia" would codify its status within the French Republic, allowing international recognition, as described in a detailed 13-page document.
French President Emmanuel Macron emphasized the importance of this initiative on social media, indicating that it reflects a "bet on trust". The agreement’s approval now hinges on the French Parliament and the local population of New Caledonia, which has a diverse demographic of approximately 270,000 people.
This outcome follows a tumultuous period marked by protests and deadly riots in 2024, in response to a proposed constitutional amendment by France perceived by some Indigenous Kanak people as a threat to their voting influence and a potential hindrance to their quest for independence. The unrest, which resulted in seven fatalities and considerable injuries, prompted France to declare a state of emergency in the territory, which is strategically important due to its rich nickel reserves and growing geopolitical tensions involving China. In response to the violence, France deployed hundreds of armed police officers to restore order and security.
